Share:
-
Home
-
Textbook
What affects the weather on your favorite spot? Why does the ocean act like this and not otherwise? Where does the Northern Lights come from? In Windy.app Meteorological Textbook (WMT) we are explaining in simple words the processes in the atmosphere, the ocean, and the earth. To keep an eye on the weather is even more interesting with Windy.app!

The Windy.app Meteorological Textbook (WMT) front cover showing the Coriolis force. Illustration: Valerya Milovanova, design: Ivan Kuznetsov / Windy.app
The idea of the textbook is to explain to you the basic, most interesting, and just bright meteorological and physical terms and phenomena in a simple language. So simple that no one else does so except Windy.app. So you read about the particular terms, understand everything and you have no questions. And you can retell it to others.
Take the past lessons right on this page and subscribe for the weekly newsletter to get the new lessons right to your email.
Atmosphere (Air)
Layers of atmosphere
Five main layers of atmosphere
Ozone holes
Carbon footprints
Why are autumn and winter so dreary, and what can we do about it?
Temperature
Air temperature
Types of air temperature
Heating of the atmosphere from the ground
Dew point temperature
Thermal column
Stable and unstable atmospheric stratification
Heat waves
Abnormally cold temperatures
The Coldest Places On Earth
Cold waves
Precipitation
Types of precipitation
Downpour (heavy rain)
Monsoon rains
Drizzle
Acid rain
Rain making
Colored Rains
Snow on the top of the mountains
Snow and ice pellets
Rare snow phenomena
Tree wells or snow traps
Slush (mix of snow and water)
Eating snow
Hail
Fog formation
Fog in the mountains
Glaciers
Wind
Types of wind
Trade winds
Monsoons
Local winds
Breeze wind
Mistral wind
Bora wind
Mountain and valley winds
Föhn wind
Jet streams
Wind gusts
Squalls
Clouds
Types of clouds
Cirrus uncinus clouds
Anvil clouds
Lenticular clouds
Polar stratospheric clouds
Virga clouds
Night-glowing clouds
Cumulus clouds
Cumulonimbus clouds
Nimbostratus clouds
Mammatus clouds
Wave clouds
Roll clouds
Asperitas clouds
Fire clouds
Atmospheric rivers and lakes
Humidity
The weight of humid and dry air
Turbulence
Turbulence
Weather fronts
Weather fronts
Cold fronts and warm weather fronts
Tropical cyclones
Typhoons
Hurricanes
Cyclones rotation
Medicanes
The Life of a Cyclone, Part One
Tornadoes
Tornado
Dust storm
Sand storm
Dust devil
Atmospheric pressure
Atmospheric pressure
High and low atmospheric pressure
Atmospheric optics
Rainbow
Halo (circle around the Sun)
Aurora
Polar night
Blue color of the sky
Unusual colors of the sky
Mirages
Light pillars
Alpenglow
Atmospheric electricity
St. Elmo's fire
Lightning
Volcanic lightning
Thunderstorms and flying
Thunderstorm
How to protect yourself from lightning
Red Sprites
Where in the sky do elves and trolls come from?
Coriolis force
Coriolis force
Hydrosphere (Water)
Where did rivers come from?
Methane bubbles, beautiful and dangerous
Temperature
Sea temperature in Mediterranean Sea
Waves
Sea waves
Bioluminescent waves
Tsunami
Currents
Types of ocean currents
Ocean currents
Density currents
Rip currents
Gulf Stream
Thermohaline circulation
El Niño
Brinicle — the underwater stalactite
Tides
Tides
Floods
Spring floods and freshets
All about floods
Lithosphere (Land)
Volcanos
Blue lava
Earthquakes
Quicksand
Antarctica's Blood Falls
Namibian Witches' Rings
Сraters in Siberia
How weather changes the topography
The creation of deserts
A tsunami of mud
Biosphere (Life)
Solunar
Solunar theory
Animal rain
Magnetosphere (Magnetism)
Earth's magnetic field
Magnetic field
Reversal of Earth's magnetic poles
Geomagnetic storms
Outer space (Cosmos)
Moon
Phases of the moon
What color is the Moon?
Stars
Looking at the stars
Celestial navigation
Radiation
Radiation and radioactivity
Natural Radiation
Activities
The Physics of Surfing
The physics of Wakeboarding and water skiing
The physics of Windsurfing
The physics of skiing and snowboarding
Human survival at great depths
The light and dark side of wind power generation
Predicting the weather using omens
Updated on February 03, 2025
Text: Windy.app team